Nakuba lo sawoti we-potassium ungaziwa kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwawo kuye kwasabalala ezimbonini eziningi, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwawo ekukhiqizeni izinto eziyisisekelo ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke kubanzi kakhulu.
Ukukunikeza umbono wokusebenziseka kwayo, ngezansi ngizosho eminye yemikhiqizo lapho le nhlanganisela ibamba iqhaza ekukhiqizweni: ukukhiqizwa kwe-pyrotechnics, iziqhumane, odayi, imikhiqizo yokuphrinta, yokushukwa kwesikhumba, izindwangu ezixosha amanzi, njll. amabhethri kagesi, njenge-oxidizer ekukhiqizeni eminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali e-organic, njenge-corrosion inhibitor, njenge-reagent yokuhlaziya, embonini ye-ceramic kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezingulube, phakathi kwabanye.
Izici ezihlanganisiwe
Ibonakala ngokubukeka kwayo kwemvelo njenge-olintshi eqinile, ayinalo iphunga elibonakalayo (elingenaphunga), lincibilika emanzini, aliyona i-hygroscopic, okusho ukuthi ayiwamunyi amanzi akhona emkhathini.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-potassium dichromate: Lo sawoti ungaba umkhiqizo wokusabela okubili lapho indlela eyinhloko kuwukususwa kwezinhlobo zamakhemikhali:
- I-Potassium chromate (K2ICO4) nge-sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
- I-sodium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7) kanye ne-potassium chloride (KCl).
Ifomula yamakhemikhali: I-molecule ye-potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) yakhiwe ama-athomu amabili e-potassium, ama-athomu amabili e-chromium nama-athomu omoya-mpilo angu-7.
Isisindo samangqamuzana: Ibonisa ukuthi ubudlelwano phakathi kweyunithi yesisindo nesikhala samangqamuzana esithathwe yile nhlanganisela bulingana no-294,21 g/mol. Esimeni esithile se-potassium dichromate, amagremu angu-294,21 aqukethwe kuyunithi eyodwa yamangqamuzana.
Imboni yamakhemikhali
- ukushuka isikhumba: Lesi yisigaba senqubo yokwelashwa kwesikhumba esivumela i-collagen yesikhumba ukuthi iqiniswe kusetshenziswa izinto zokushuka zamaminerali noma zemifino, iguqule ibe yisikhumba, kanti usawoti we-chromium usetshenziswa kakhulu.
- I-Corrosion inhibitor: I-Dichromate isetshenziselwa ukumboza izindawo zensimbi, ihlinzeka ngefilimu evikelayo evimba izinto ezilimazayo ezihlasela izinsimbi, futhi ezimele inkinga enkulu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
- Imibala: Ama-pigments, ikakhulukazi ama-inorganic, ayizingxenye eziyinhloko zezinhlelo zokuhlanganisa futhi afaka isandla ngokuqondile ekusetshenzisweni kwawo emsebenzini wawo wokuzivikela. Imibala ephuzi neluhlaza itholakala ezingxenyeni ze-chromium ngenqubo ebandayo (100ºC-900ºC).
- I-reagent yamakhemikhali: Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza i-glassware yaselabhorethri futhi, ekuhlaziyweni kwe-volumetric, njenge-ejenti ye-titrant, okuyisixazululo sokugxila okwaziwayo esisetshenziswa kuma-titrations ukukhomba izixazululo okungekho ulwazi ngazo ngezici zabo.
Imiphumela yokuvezwa
I-Potassium dichromate inobuthi, umthamo obulalayo ngokungeniswa komuntu omdala ngu-0,5 g; Nokho, imiphumela yayo eyinhloko ngemithamo ephansi ihlanganisa izimo zesikhumba ezifana nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kule nhlanganisela kungase kubangele umdlavuza, njengoba i-potassium dichromate ithathwa imigudu ye-ion (iyithatha njenge-sulfate), futhi ngale ndlela idlulela ku-nucleus yeseli, iguqule izinqubo zayo zokuhlukana. .
Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuye kwafinyelela emikhiqizweni ephathwa umphakathi jikelele, izimboni eziningi seziqalile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuvikela abasebenzi kanye nomphakathi jikelele emiphumeleni yawo.
- Isikhumba: Ukushiswa, ukuthintana nomkhiqizo kubangela amanxeba okunzima ukuwapholisa. Uma iwela emehlweni kungabangela ubumpumputhe (umonakalo ongenakulungiseka ku-optic nerve).
- Ngokungenisa: ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza. Kungabangela ama-spasms, ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
- Ngokumuncwa: izinkinga zesibindi, izinkinga zezinso.
- Ngokuhogela: Ukungezwani komzimba, nengozi yenyumoniya. Ukusabela kwe-allergic ku-mucosa yamakhala (ukubhoboza). I-Carcinogenic
Ingabe i-sodium dichromate ikhona kimi nsuku zonke?
Nakuba ekuqaleni sizwa ngale ngxenye asizange sithole ulwazi olukhethekile olungasenza sicabange ngengozi yokungenwa ushevu, iqiniso liwukuthi lo mkhiqizo unokusetshenziswa okuningi, futhi lokhu akugcini emkhakheni wezimboni. Ubuwazi ukuthi isikhwama sakho semali singelashwa nge-potassium dichromate?
- Izinto zokwakha: Singathola i-potassium dichromate kusimende omanzi (usimende owomile awethuli ingozi yobuthi) nasezitini nanjengesengezo enhlanganisela yamathayili, iglue yefenisha nengilazi.
- Imikhiqizo yasendlini: Izinto eziningi ezenziwe ngesikhumba sesilwane, njengezikhwama, izicathulo namagilavu, zidaywa kusetshenziswa i-potassium dichromate. Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi umthombo oyinhloko wokuchayeka kusawoti we-chromium kungokwasesikhumba. Ezinye izinto ze-chrome zivikelekile emiphumeleni elimazayo nale ngxenye, yingakho kungenzeka ukuzithola kwezinye izinto zobucwebe njengamasongo namacici.
- Umkhakha: Siyithola emikhiqizweni enjengama-corrosion inhibitors, ama-preservatives kuwoyela wokusika, ama-alloys, nakubhayela, izihlanzi zomshini nezinjini.
Ngizigwema kanjani izingozi zokuchayeka ku-potassium dichromate?
- Umphakathi wokuvikela izilwane uzojabula kakhulu ukufunda lesi sibonakaliso sokuqala, nokuthi kufanele ugweme ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zesikhumba, ikakhulukazi izicathulo namagilavu, ngoba inqubo yokushuka izimboni eziningi zivame ukukhetha le ngxenye ukuze inikeze umbala wesikhumba. izikhumba. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zesikhumba zokulingisa kumelela inketho ephephile. Kodwa-ke, uma ungeke ukwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwalezo zicathulo zesikhumba ezibizayo, lapho kuvela i-dermatitis yezicathulo, ukugqoka amasokisi aminyene nokunciphisa ukujuluka nomswakama kusiza ukulawula izimpawu.
- Gwema ukuthintana nosimende omanzi, usebenzisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifanele (i-neoprene, i-nitrile, amagilavu ​​e-PVC)
- Futhi gwema uthuli nentuthu emikhiqizweni equkethe ama-chromates ngokugqoka izibuko kanye nemaski yobuso.
- Ukushintsha njalo uwoyela noketshezi lokugcoba emishini embonini.
- Qaphela izithasiselo zamavithamini ezingase zibe nosawoti we-chromium.
- Uma usebenza embonini futhi uhlala uthintana nalo mkhiqizo, sebenzisa okokuvikela okufanele kukhishwe umnyango wokuvikela ubungozi, futhi uhlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile zezokwelapha.
Incazelo ye-Meta: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zesikhumba, ze-pigment kanye ne-pyrotechnic, i-potassium dichromate iyinhlanganisela enobuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kudinga ukuqapha. Lapha uzothola ulwazi oludingayo