Kuyi-hormone ye-neurotransmitter enesibopho sokuhamba emgudwini wegazi okubangela ukunwebeka kwemigudu yomoya nemithambo yegazi, isebenza ngokubambisana nesimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi ekusebenziseni ukubalekela ingozi engenzeka.
Lapho umuntu ezizwa esongelwa, ivula indlela yokuzivikela, okubangela isenzo cishe ngokuzenzakalelayo ebusweni banoma yisiphi isikhuthazo esibhekene naso, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-hormone inikeza inkokhiso enkulu yamandla, engavumeli umuntu ukuba acabange kodwa kunalokho asabele.
Izindlala ze-adrenal zitholakala ezinso, ezinesibopho sokwandisa zonke izinhlobo zamahomoni egazini lonke, kungale ndlela lapho i-adrenal cortex idala i-hormone cortisol, ebhekele ukukhiqiza amahomoni e-steroid, okuyiwo akhiqiza ama-hormone e-steroid. isiza umuntu lapho ehlushwa ukucindezeleka, ephinde ibe nomsebenzi oyinhloko wokwandisa ama-carbohydrate ohlelweni lwegazi, kuyilapho i-aldosterone yenza umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ilawula i-sodium egazini futhi ngezinye izikhathi ikhiqiza i-potassium.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-adrenaline noma ebizwa nangokuthi i-epinephrine yenza kanjani, okuyingxenye yesayensi edalwe emfanekisweni wayo, okuzonikezwa incazelo emfushane ngezansi.
- Ihomoni: yilapho ingena khona ohlelweni lwegazi
- I-Neurotransmitter: Kulapho ingena esikhaleni phakathi kwe-neuron eyodwa nenye, eyaziwa nangokuthi isikhala se-synaptic, ngokuyisisekelo iwukusabela kwamakhemikhali, okubhekele ukuthwala ulwazi.
Lapho umuntu engena esimweni sokusongelwa noma sokucindezeleka, ubuchopho buyaqhubeka nokuthumela isignali kuma-receptors amancane aziwa ngokuthi ama-adrenergic, anesibopho sokwamukela i-adrenaline futhi anikeze ukusabela Izimpawu zingavamile kakhulu uma Le neuron icushiwe emzimbeni. phakathi kwalokho ukulungiswa okunamandla okugqamayo, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umuntu uzuza kakhulu ekutholeni umoya-mpilo kanye nokwanda okuphawulekayo kokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukujuluka, phakathi kokunye.
Naphezu kokubonakala kukhethwa, kungashiwo ukuthi akufihlwa kuphela ezimweni zokucindezeleka, ukwesaba noma lapho kwenziwa izenzo zobulili, kungase kwenzeke ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, njengalapho umuntu ehlola ukushayela, noma lapho enza. izivivinyo ezibalulekile zasekolishi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-adrenaline ne-epinephrine inomehluko obalulekile ngoba I-Adrenaline iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa izindlala ze-adrenal. etholakala ngaphezu kwezinso, kuyilapho i-epinephrine ingenza isenzo esifanayo, kodwa iwuhlobo lwe-adrenaline yokwenziwa, engasetshenziswa kweminye imithi.
Indlela yokusebenza ye-adrenaline
Ngaphezu kokwandisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula nokujikeleza kwegazi, i-adrenaline inomshini wokusebenza ovuselela isimiso sezinzwa esinozwela, esibhekene nokugcinwa kwemisipha yenhliziyo njengomthombo we-receptor we-alpha ne-beta. Nokho, le hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-adrenaline ineminye imiphumela ezithweni:
- Inhliziyo: Ishukumisa isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi esivumela inhliziyo ukuba ibe noketshezi olukhulu lwegazi, ukwenza lokhu, igazi eligcwele umoya-mpilo lifinyelela emisipha livumela umuntu ophapheme ukuba agijime ngokushesha, futhi aze ashaye kakhulu.
- amathumbu: Ikhubaza ngokuphelele uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, ngoba ingumthengi omkhulu wamandla, okudingekayo ngezikhathi zengozi lapho ukuphila kusengozini.
- Amehlo: Ngokunwetshwa nokufinyela kwabafundi, kuvumela umuntu ukuthi azuze umbono ongcono kanye nombono walokho okubazungezile.
- Iphaphu: Inikeza isigqi sephaphu esisheshayo ukuze amangqamuzana athole umoya-mpilo, futhi iyi-bronchodilator, evumela amaphaphu noma imisipha yamaphaphu ukuthi yenze umsebenzi ongcono lapho uphefumula futhi uphefumula.
- Isibindi: Ihlala inenqolobane yamandla ongayisebenzisa lapho umuntu esengozini noma ecindezelekile.
Ekugcineni, i-adrenaline inikeza inani elikhulu ama-hormone awusizo kuwo wonke umzimba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ku-pancreas, isibindi, imisipha, amehlo, isikhumba, amaphaphu, okuvumela umzimba ukuba ube namandla adingekayo kanye nokuhlushwa kwama-fatty acids egazini ukuze ugweme noma yisiphi isimo esiyingozi, noma ngisho nokubhekana naso.
Odokotela bayisebenzisa kanjani i-adrenaline?
Uma kukhulunywa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-adrenaline kwezokwelapha, kungashiwo ukuthi kwaqala ngo-1904, lapho kunqunywa ukuthi kufanele isetshenziswe ezimweni lapho iziguli zisesimweni sokuphila noma sokufa, njengoba kunjalo nokusabela komzimba noma i-anaphylaxis.
Isikhungo sezempilo ngasinye sine- umthamo we-epinephrine ogadiwe, futhi ngisho nochungechunge lwemingcele okufanele kuhlangatshezwane nayo lapho uyisebenzisa, njengoba isetshenziswa futhi lapho umuntu engena ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo noma ukuphefumula, ngoba ivuselela ukushaya kwenhliziyo, futhi ikhulise uketshezi lwegazi, isebenze njenge-bronchodilator, phakathi kwabanye.
Ibuye isetshenziswe kwezinye izimo, kodwa ngemithamo emincane, exhunywe ku-anesthetics, njengoba iphumelela ekuvimbeleni imithambo yegazi, i-lidocaine ingenye yazo.
Imiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa kabi i-adrenaline noma i-epinephrine yile:
- Ukushaqeka kwenhliziyo.
- Ukuqwasha.
- Ukuxineka
- Ukubona kabi.
- I-Vertiginous syndrome.
- Ukugula.
- I-Tingle.
I-Epinephrine kanye nokuphathwa kwayo kwezokwelapha
Kuyinto yokwenziwa ngokwemvelo, i-epinephrine isetshenziswa odokotela njengemithi noma ama-analgesics kuye ngokuthi isimo noma i-pathology eyenzekayo, ingaba:
I-Laryngotracheobronchitis
Ukutheleleka okuvimbela umgudu wokuphefumula futhi kubonakala ngokukhwehlela okunomsindo wokuhona kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izinga le-mucosa kanye ne-edema eyakhiwe endaweni engaphansi, okuvumela ukuphumula kwe-bronchial.
Ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic
Kungukusabela okubulalayo futhi kubonakala ukuchayeka kwe-ejenti yangaphandle ekhiqiza ukungezwani komzimba kumuntu osetshenziselwa i-epinephrine ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ngoba ilawula ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi ivumela igazi ukuthi lihambe emgudwini wegazi futhi likhulule i-edema ekhiqizwa yilokhu kusabela.
Izinzwa zendawo
Imithi ebulala izinzwa yendawo isetshenziswa cishe yibo bonke odokotela emhlabeni wonke, njengoba beba ndikindiki kuphela ingxenye ethintekile, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulaliswa okuvamile, i-epinephrine ixhunyaniswa namanye alawa ma-analgesics afana ne-lidocaine, isetshenziswa ngoba ibambezela ukumuncwa futhi yandisa izinzwa.
ukuboshwa kwe-cardiorespiratory
Kulapho isigqi senhliziyo nesokuphefumula sima kungazelelwe, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi komuntu ngamunye, i-epinephrine isetshenziselwa ukwandisa isitsha senhliziyo, ivuse inhliziyo ukuba ishaye ngamandla, inhliziyo namaphaphu kungabuyela esigqikini esivamile.
Ingabe umuntu uyakwazi ukukhulula i-adrenaline ngaphandle kokuba sesimweni esiyingozi?
Sekuvele kwaziwa ukuthi i-adrenaline ikhishwa nge-a isimo sengozi, ukungezwani noma ingozi, kodwa kunethuba lokuthi ungakhulula ngokuzithandela okunye kungase kube kanje:
- Hamba ku-roller coaster.
- Hamba ezindaweni ongakaze uye kuzo.
- Phila okuhlangenwe nakho okusha.
- Ukukhwela esihlahleni.
- Yenza umsebenzi owedlulele.
- Buka imuvi ethusayo.
- Khuphuka intaba.
Kubalulekile ukuzama ukukhipha i-adrenaline kanye ngenyanga, ngoba umuntu angase azizwe ekhululeke kakhudlwana futhi azizwe enomuzwa wenjabulo lapho enza le misebenzi eshiwo ngenhla.